Day #1.11.1

Official penultimate lesson before the listening test and oral exam! 😮  We finally finished with Kanji and Lesson #7 – Tasks like Giving and Receiving (last lesson), Lending & Borrowing, Teach & Learn, Sending & Making a phone call.

These are direction related verbs. When talking about a relationship/ action between two people, there is the idea of “from whom” and “to who” *Particle ‘ni | に’ is used in this context. As in previous lesson #8.1, the *particle ‘e | へ’ can be used interchangeably with *particle ‘ni | に’ when talking about directions ‘go | いきます’, ‘come | きます’ and ‘go back | かえります’.

LEND & BORROW | Kashimasu & Karimasu | かします & かります

Conveying Tanaka san lending Satou san a book:

Tanaka lends Satou a book. | Tanaka-san wa Satou-san ni hon o kashimasu. | たなかさん は さとうさん に ほん を かします。

Conveying that Satou borrows a book from Tanaka:

Satou borrows a book from Tanaka. | Satou-san wa Tanaka-san ni hon o karimasu. | さとうさん は たなかさん に ほん を かります。

TEACHING & LEARNING | Oshiemasu & Naraimasu | おしえます & ならいます

Teacher Ayumi teaches Japanese Language to students . | Ayumi Sensei wa gakusei ni nihongo o oshiemasu. |あゆみ 先生 は がくせい に 日本ご  を おしえます。

Students learn Japanese Language from Teacher Ayumi. | Gakusei wa Ayumi Sensei ni nihongo o naraimasu. | がくせい は あゆみ 先生 に 日本ご を ならいます。

MAKE A PHONE CALL | Denwa o kakemasu | でんわ を かけます

Conveying that the girl Anne is making a phone call to her boyfriend:

Anne makes a phone call to her boyfriend. | Anne-san wa kare san ni denwa o kakemasu. | アッンさん は かれ に でんわ を かけます。

SENDING ~ | Okurimasu | おくります

Yamada sends a package to her friend in America. | Yamada-san wa Amerika no tomodachi ni nimotsu o okurimasu. | やまださん は アメリカの ともだち に にもつ を おくります。

Day #1.9.1

Previous Lesson Recap: 

Time/ Period opens the sentence. E.g “I went to Tokyo last year” / “I went to Tokyo last year in June” / “I went to Tokyo in 2012” >>>>>> Open the sentence in Japanese with ‘last year | kyonen | きょうねん’

S:

I went to Tokyo last year. | Kyonen Tokyo e ikimashita. | きょうねん とうきょうえ いきました。

I went to Tokyo in June last year. | Kyonen no roku gatsu ni Tokyo e ikimashita. | きょねん の ろくがつ に とうきょ え いきました。

I went to Tokyo in 2012. | 2012 nen ni Tokyo e ikimashita. | 2012 ねん に とうきょ え いきました。

We use the particle ‘ni | に’ as a time and date marker. ***not to be used for certain time markers (see Day #8.2)

LESSON #6

Lesson 6 is about describing daily activities like eating, watching TV, playing sports, as well as inviting someone to do activities together. 🙂 We also start on Kanji.

Check out the Vocabulary section for different activities in Japanese.

PLACE + VERB [Action word and place] 

To phrase where an action is taking place, the particle ‘de | で’ is used. It’s also used as a direction marker, “by”. Note that the verb is placed at the end of the sentence, unlike in the English Language.

I study at school. | Watashi wa gakko de benkyoshimasu. | わたし は がっこう で べ んきょします。

OBJECT + VERB 

In the case of doing ~, ~ being the object, the same phrasing as above is applied. The verb is placed at the end of the sentence. To link the object and verb, the particle ‘wo | を’ is used. It is an object marker, used after the grammatical object.

In the case of “eat ~”: the object “~” comes first, followed by the verb “eat”. Simply put: Object + *particle wo + Verb 

S:

[present tense]

I eat toast. | Tosuto wo tabeshimasu. | トースト を たべします。

I eat rice. | Gohan wo tabeshimasu. | ごはん を たべします。

[past tense]

I drank orange juice. | Orenji jusu wo nomishimashita. | オレンジ ジュース を のみしました。

[including time period – always in the beginning of the sentence]

I ate a sandwich this morning. | Kesa sandoichi wo tabeshimashita. | けさ サンドイッチ を たべしました。

I eat toast and egg every morning. | Mainichi tosuto to tamago wo tabeshimasu. | まいにち トースト と たまご を たべします。

[negative]

I didn’t eat anything. | Nani mo tabeshimasu. | なに も たべします。

Q:

What did you eat this morning? | Kesa nani wo tabeshimashita ka? | けさ なに を たべしました か。

What do you drink every morning? | Mainichi nani wo nomishimasu ka? | まいにち なに を のみします か。

PLACE + OBJECT + VERB 

Sequence: Place + *particle de + Object + *particle wo + Verb

S:

I ate a hamburger at home. | Uchi de hanbaga wo tabeshimashita. | うち で ハンバーガー を たべしました。

FREQUENCY 

1. Always |

2. Often |

3. Sometimes | Tokidoki

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KANJI 

We start off with 10 Kanji words – the basics. A single Kanji word can have multiple readings and meanings.